Ultrasonic Batgoggles: 14 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:31

Xav koj yog puav? Xav Tau Kev Kawm Echolocation? Xav sim "pom" nrog koj pob ntseg? Rau kuv thawj Tus Kws Qhia Ntawv, kuv yuav qhia koj yuav tsim koj li ultrasonic batgoggles siv Arduino microcontroller clone, Devantech ultrasonic sensor thiab vuam tsom iav rau thaj tsam li $ 60 lossis tsawg dua yog tias koj twb muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo. Koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem hla cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab ua kom yooj yim bat-mask zoo meej rau hnav mus rau Batman movie tom ntej. Hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawd, tus nqi tsuas yog kwv yees li $ 15. Cov tsom iav no tso cai rau koj kom paub tias nws zoo li cas los siv kev hais lus zoo ib yam li puav thiab yog npaj rau menyuam yaus hauv chaw tshawb fawb teeb tsa kom paub txog echolocation. Lub hom phiaj yog khaws cov nqi qis li sai tau, zam kev ua daim ntawv ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam los ua ib qho lossis tsis cuam tshuam nrog nws lub hom phiaj kev kawm thiab kom ntseeg tau tias lub cev lub cev ntawm cov cuab yeej cuam tshuam cov ntsiab lus. Rau kev sib tham ntau dua ntawm nws cov qauv, thov saib cov phiaj xwm webpage. To kom ua tus nqi thiab qhov loj me, Arduino clone tau tsim siv txawm li cas los xij, tab sis txoj haujlwm no ua haujlwm zoo ib yam nrog ua ntej tsim Arduino microcontrollers. Qhov tsom iav no tau tsim rau " Dynamic User-centered Research and Design "chav kawm hauv Arts, Media & Engineering program ntawm Arizona State University.

Kauj Ruam 1: Cov Khoom Uas Tsim Nyog

-Arduino lossis sib piv microcontroller* (yog tias koj muaj nyiaj koj tuaj yeem yuav Arduino mini/nano lossis siv boarduino, txwv tsis pub kuv yuav qhia koj yuav ua li cas thiaj tsim tau me me thiab pheej yig Arduino clone rau txoj haujlwm no.)-Vuam tsom iav (Kuv yog "Neiko" hom thiab pom tau yooj yim ntawm eBay raws li "Tig cov vuam tsom iav" rau 3-10 las xa khoom, hom tshwj xeeb no ua haujlwm tau zoo tiag tiag) -Devantech SRF05 Ultrasonic Sensor (lossis lwm yam khoom sib piv-txawm li cas los xij, SRF05 muaj kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg ntawm 4mA thiab daws teeb meem zoo los ntawm 3 cm mus rau 4 meters, nws yog kwv yees li $ 30) -something kom pob ntseg tawm ntawm (Kuv siv cov yas yas, saib kuj: "Yuav ua li cas thiaj tsim tau cov khaub ncaws zoo dua qub")-qee yam cov khoom siv hluav taws xob -3/8 "sib cais sib khi hloov tau yooj yim dub sib dhos tubing (kom zais txuas cov xov hlau) -piezo buzzer uas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm 5v-9v-ntau cov xov hlau-plasti-dip tsuag tuaj yeem (dub) Microcontroller Electronics (cov khoom siv no tuaj yeem hla tau yog tias siv tus tswj ua ntej)- Arduino programmed Atmega8 lossis 168 DIP nti.- seem Arduin o board lossis ArduinoMini USB programmer- Pawg PC me (muaj nyob ntawm Radioshack)- 9V roj teeb txuas (muaj nyob ntawm Radioshack)- 7805 5v tus tswj hluav taws xob -16 MHz siv lead ua (muaj @ sparkfun)- ob 22pF capacitors (muaj @ sparkfun)- 10 microF electrolytic capacitor- 1 microF electrolytic capacitor- 1k resistor thiab 1 LED (xaiv tau tab sis pom zoo)- 2N4401 transistor (xaiv tau)- poj niam thiab txiv neej lub taub hau (xaiv tau)- 28 tus pin DIP qhov (socket) lossis ob 14 tus pin DIP socket s (yeem)- me me breadboard rau prototyping (xaiv tau) Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kuj tseem tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm www.digikey.com lossis www.mouser.com Cov cuab yeej thiab khoom siv uas koj yuav xav tau-siv cov hlau-kub kua nplaum phom-Dremel-xov xwm ntawv-daim npog-daim kab xev-xov xaim strippers thiab lwm yam.

Kauj Ruam 2: Tsim Qee Pob Ntseg

Koj muaj kev ywj pheej siv koj lub tswv yim los tsim koj lub pob ntseg. Tsis muaj cov iav tsom iav yuav tsum zoo ib yam! Tab sis qhov kev qhia no muab lwm txoj hauv kev zoo rau pob ntseg pob ntseg. Kuv xub kos lub ntsej muag nrog lub ntsej muag thiab txiav nws nrog Dremel. Kuv tau khaws daim ntawv txiav tawm los siv rau sab hauv pob ntseg.

Kauj Ruam 3: Txiav Pob Ntseg

Kuv txiav cov hlais txiav tawm ntawm lub khob hliav qab nrog Dremel, kom lawv tau me dua thiab kub glued lawv mus rau sab hauv ntawm daim khob loj dua. Lawv tsis haum raws nraim tab sis tom qab tuav lawv hauv qhov chaw los ntawm txhais tes cov kua nplaum kub tuav nws hauv qhov chaw zoo heev. Yog tias koj tso koj tus kheej txaus hauv qab pob ntseg, koj tuaj yeem yooj yim tso cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sab hauv pob ntseg, ib lub pob rau tus tswj hwm, thiab ib qho rau lub roj teeb. Hmoov tsis zoo, kuv tsis tau tso chaw txaus thiab yuav tsum siv lub thaiv sab nrauv. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas kom tsis txhob hlawv koj tus kheej thaum siv rab phom kub kub !!! Koj tseem tuaj yeem yooj yim yaj cov yas yas los ntawm kev sib tsoo.

Kauj Ruam 4: Npaj Goggles

Cov tsom iav uas kuv tau yuav yog qhov tsis zoo ib yam li ci iab aqua xim. Txhawm rau kom cov iav tsom iav ntau dua, tshem cov lo ntsiab muag tawm (tshem lub qhov ntswg ua ntej), xuab zeb lawv, thiab tshuaj tsuag nrog Plasti Dip tsuag kom muab lawv cov tawv zoo nkauj ua kom zoo nkauj. Ua ntej txau, Kuv npog lub ntsej muag sab hauv thiab cov ntu uas kov daim tawv nqaij nrog daim kab xev. Kuv kuj tsis tau pleev xim rau lub qhov ntswg vim tias cov xim txo qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv iav me ntsis thiab daim npog qhov ntswg yog qhov tsim nyog los tuav cov tsom iav ua ke. Koj tseem yuav xav tau xuab zeb thiab txau pob ntseg ib yam. Cov plua plav yas uas tsis zoo ua rau koj lub ntsws thiab lub qhov muag yog li thov hnav daim npog ntsej muag thiab tsom iav kev nyab xeeb rau cov kauj ruam no. Kuv tsuag txog 3 lub tsho loj nrog li 10-15 feeb ntawm cov tsho loj kom tau txais kev ntxhib los mos. Thaum ntub, cov xim zoo li ci, tab sis nws qhuav mus rau qhov kev ntxhib los mos matte.

Kauj Ruam 5: Sib Sau Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob

Cov kauj ruam no yog nyob ntawm yeem yog tias koj siv Arduino microcontroller twb tau tsim lawm. Txawm li cas los xij, txij li koj tsuas yog siv me me ntawm nws lub peev xwm nws ua rau muaj kev nkag siab ntau dua los ua cov pob txha liab qab ntawm Arduino uas me dua thiab pheej yig dua kom rov tsim dua. Nqe lus no yuav nyuaj me ntsis rau ib tus neeg uas tsis muaj kev paub siv hluav taws xob, tab sis yuav tsum yooj yim rau txhua tus neeg uas tau sib sau ua ke cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yooj yim. Daim duab "schematic" rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau txuas nrog. Cov txheej txheem tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm David A. Mellis's Atmega8 Standalone schematic. Yog tias muaj kev txaus siab Kuv yuav ua tus qhia tshwj xeeb rau cov kauj ruam no. Kev txiav txim siab lub zog hluav taws xob yog los ntawm Tom Igoe Phau Ntawv Txog Lub Cev. Kuv suav nrog daim duab ntawm PC pawg thawj coj saib (nrog lub ntsuas/lub suab nrov tsis txuas) nrog rau cov qauv tsim ua rau ntawm lub khob cij rau siv. Daim ntawv qhia zaub mov kuj tseem qhia yuav ua li cas txuas Arduino board ua USB programmer rau microcontroller nti. Txij li thaum kuv siv DIP qhov ntsaws rau lub nti, kuv tseem tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov nti thiab muab tso rau hauv Arduino pawg thawj coj los ua haujlwm rau nws, tab sis nws tuaj yeem nyuaj rau rub lub nti tawm yam tsis khoov txhua tus pin - yog vim li cas kuv suav nrog tus poj niam header pins rau tx/rx. Txawm hais tias lub rooj tsavxwm nruj heev, koj tuaj yeem pom tias txhua tus pins ntawm tus tswj tau muaj cov laug txuas uas muaj los txuas rau. Txij li thaum lawv tsis tsim nyog rau txoj haujlwm no kuv tsis tau txuas tus poj niam lub taub hau rau qhov tsis siv tus pin tab sis yog tias lawv yog, koj yuav muaj peev xwm ua tiav ntawm Arduino Diecimilia tshwj tsis yog on-board USB hauv pob me me. Qhov dav ntawm pawg thawj coj yog kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm Diecimilia pawg thawj coj thiab hais txog qhov ntev tib yam. (ntawm no yog teeb tsa zoo sib xws.) Nws yog nyob ntawm yeem xaiv siv lub transistor txhawm rau lub zog buzzer, Arduino tuaj yeem muab tam sim no txaus los ntawm tus pin nws tus kheej. Txawm li cas los xij, kev siv lub transistor tso cai rau koj siv lwm lub suab ua cov cuab yeej uas tsis yog lub suab nrov yog tias koj muaj.

Kauj Ruam 6: Npaj Buzzer thiab Sensor Cov Hluav Taws Xob

Lub ntsuas hluav taws xob thiab lub tswb nrov xav tau cov xov hlau ntev los khiav ntawm lub tsom iav mus rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Lub ntsuas hluav taws xob ultrasonic xav tau 4 xov hlau (5v, hauv av, ncha, txhais) thiab lub suab nrov yuav tsum muaj ob lub xov hlau (tso tawm digital los ntawm tus tswj, hauv av). Nrog qee qhov kev npaj koj tuaj yeem siv 5 kab xaim hlua, yog tias koj muaj ib qho thiab sib qhia hauv av sib txuas ntawm lub tswb thiab lub ntsuas cua. Kuv tsuas muaj 4 txoj hlua xaim thiaj li kuv siv qhov ntawd rau lub ntsuas hluav taws xob ultrasonic thiab siv ob lub xov hlau txuas rau lub suab nrov. Txij li lub buzzer muaj ob qhov txuas kuv tau txuas kab ntawm poj niam lub taub hau rau ob lub xov hlau ntawm qhov sib nrug kom raug, txoj hauv kev no kuv tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov piezo buzzer tau yooj yim yog tias tsim nyog. Lub ntsuas cua muaj qee qhov laug rau qhov laug uas koj yuav tsum mus taub hau thiab siv. Nco ntsoov siv sab raug, qhov nyob ntawm lwm sab yog rau kev teeb tsa lub sensor thiab yuav tsis ua haujlwm!

Kauj Ruam 7: Tiav Cov Kab

Tom ntej solder txiv neej header pins rau lwm qhov kawg ntawm cov xov hlau. (Cov no yuav txuas rau lub microcontroller.)

Kauj ruam 8: Upload Code

Txhawm rau xa cov cai, txuas rau 5v, hauv av, TX, RX pins ntawm PC board rau cov tib tus pin ntawm cov nti tshem tawm Arduino board siv qee cov xov hlau. Tom qab ntawd txuas tus pin rov pib dua ntawm PC board mus rau qhov chaw tus pin 13 yuav mus rau hauv DIP qhov (socket) ntawm Arduino board. Yog tias qhov no tsis meej pem, thov saib cov duab uas qhov no rov ua dua, tshwj tsis yog nrog Arduino Mini. Tom ntej no yooj yim dhau cov kab ntawv txuas hauv Arduino tus khoos phis tawj (lossis qhib thiab qhib lub.pde cov ntaub ntawv hauv Arduino tom qab rub tawm) thiab xaiv qhov chaw nres nkoj txuas uas tsim nyog thiab Arduino nti uas koj siv thiab nias lub pob upload. tom qab ntawd hloov qhov sib cuam tshuam sib txuas luv luv raws li qhov ntsuas ntsuas los ntawm lub ntsuas. Yog li, yog tias koj nyob ze rau ib qho khoom, qhov sib cuam tshuam luv luv luv thiab cov suab nrov nrov tshwm sim sai dua. Yog tias koj nyob deb ntawm ib qho khoom, qhov sib cuam tshuam ntawm lub suab nrov zuj zus ntxiv kom cov ntshav tawm tuaj qeeb dua. Tus maub los txheeb xyuas qhov nrug deb txhua 60ms, yog li lub sijhawm sib txuas ntawm beep hloov pauv. Tam sim no nws tau raug ntsuas kom yog li 1 ntiv tes ua rau 10ms sib txawv hauv kev sib tshuam-beep luv. Qhov no ua rau cov tsom iav ua haujlwm zoo dua rau kev nyob ze, tab sis tuaj yeem nce ntxiv kom ua haujlwm tau zoo dua rau qhov kev ncua deb ntxiv. Kuv tau sim qhov kev nthuav dav nthuav dav uas nce qhov ntau ntawm qhov ze dua (siv fscale tab sis nws zoo li tsis hloov pauv cov lus teb ntau hauv kev pauv rau tons ntawm cov lej, yog li kuv tau muab nws pov tseg.) Txij li lub sijhawm nws siv los nyeem qhov nrug nyob ntawm qhov kev ncua deb ntawm qhov khoom tau hnov (lub ntsuas cua xa rov qab mus txog 30ms ntev) cov cai ntsuas lub sijhawm nws tau siv los nyeem thiab them lub sijhawm ncua los ntawm qhov nyiaj ntawd. Txhua kab ntawm cov cai tau hais tawm thiab yog (vam tias) nws tus kheej -piav qhia.

Kauj Ruam 9: Muab Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob tso rau hauv qhov kaw

Txiav cov tubing sib dhos kom nws yog qhov ntev los ntawm cov tsom iav mus rau qee tus tes lossis hnab tshos. Muab cov xov hlau txuas rau lub ntsuas hluav taws xob ultrasonic thiab piezo buzzer sab hauv sib cais sib dhos sib dhos ua ke. Laum ib lub qhov hauv koj lub thaiv uas tuaj yeem haum rau cov tubing sib dhos. Kuv tau ua qhov no siv qhov kev sim thiab ua yuam kev pib nrog qhov loj me thiab nce txoj kab uas hla kom txog thaum lub raj haum haum. Khiav cov xov hlau hla lub qhov tom qab ntawd nyem rau hauv cov hlab sib sib zog nqus. Kuv cov kab hluav taws xob ntev me ntsis yog li kuv yuav tsum quav lawv ib ncig kom haum. Qee tus Velcro tuav lub rooj tsav xwm hauv Circuit Court mus rau qhov thaiv.

Kauj Ruam 10: Txuas Cov Hluav Taws Xob

Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem siv tus txiv neej header pins ntawm qhov kawg ntawm koj cov xov hlau thiab txuas rau tus pin tsim nyog ntawm PC board (siv lub tswv yim!). Yog tias koj siv koj tus kheej Arduino ces tsuas yog siv tib tus pin mappings ib yam li hauv cov txheej txheem.

Kauj Ruam 11: Kaw Cov Ntaub Ntawv

Cov ntaub ntawv no muaj cov ntsia hlau los tuav nws kaw tab sis lwm qhov thaiv (altoids tin?) Tuaj yeem tsuas yog kaw. Txij li thaum kuv tsis paub tseeb tias nws tau ua haujlwm, Kuv siv daim kab xev kom nws kaw rau tam sim no.

Kauj Ruam 12: Txuas Pob Ntseg

Txhawm rau txuas lub pob ntseg peb yuav tsum xub muab ob txoj kab ntsug nrog lub dremel hauv pob ntseg rau lub pluaj kom hla mus.

Kauj Ruam 13: Txuas Pob Ntseg txuas ntxiv

Tom qab khiav txoj hlua hla lub pob ntseg, Kuv tau siv Velcro los txuas lub pob ntseg rau lub iav. Qhov no tau dhau los ua qhov tsis ruaj khov, tab sis kho tau zoo kom ua rau lawv taw tes rau txoj hauv kev. Gluing lawv yuav tau nyob ruaj khov dua, tab sis Velcro tau muaj txoj sia nyob ntau qhov kev nthuav tawm. Qhov ntsuas ultrasonic li cas yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum tau thawb mus rau lub tshuab xauv rau qhov tig lub peev xwm ntawm lub iav. Koj yuav tsum rub cov iav looj tsom iav tawm ntawm cov yas yas thooj me ntsis los ntawm sab saum toj kom ua qhov chaw ces lub ntsuas phoo haum rau sab hauv. Lub sensor tsis tawm qee zaum, yog li cov kua nplaum me me tuaj yeem kho nws kom zoo. Hmoov tsis zoo, txoj hauv kev txuas no ua rau nws tsis tuaj yeem tig lub lens ntxiv lawm.

Kauj Ruam 14: Kawm Echolocation

Txuas lub roj teeb tso rau hauv koj lub hnab tshos thiab tshawb nrhiav! Qhov ze koj mus rau cov khoom hauv koj kab kev pom, nws nrawm dua, nrov dua, koj tau txais ntxiv, nws qeeb dua. Thov tsis txhob hnav cov no hauv ib puag ncig uas muaj kev phom sij lossis hauv tsheb! Cov tsom iav no yog rau kev kawm lub hom phiaj nkaus xwb thiab txhais tau rau kev tswj hwm ib puag ncig vim tias lawv tau npaj los thaiv koj lub zeem muag ib puag ncig thiab lub zeem muag tsis tu ncua yog li koj muaj kev ntseeg ntau dua ntawm kev hnov lus. Kuv tsis yog lub luag haujlwm rau qhov raug mob los ntawm kev hnav cov iav no! Ua tsaug! Txij li qhov no yog ua raws Arduino, koj tuaj yeem yooj yim ntxiv Zigbee lossis blueSMIRF module los cuam tshuam cov no nrog khoos phis tawj wireless. Kev ua haujlwm yav tom ntej yuav yog ntxiv lub xov tooj los kho qhov rhiab heev thiab ntxiv rau/tawm hloov.

Qhov khoom plig thib ob hauv Kev Qhia thiab RoboGames Robot Contest