High Voltage Alternating Occlusion Training Glasses [ATtiny13]: 5 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:29

Hauv kuv thawj qhov kev qhia, kuv tau piav qhia yuav tsim lub cuab yeej uas yuav tsum muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau qee tus neeg uas xav kho tus mob amblyopia (lub qhov muag tub nkeeg). Tus qauv tsim tau yooj yim heev thiab muaj qee qhov tsis zoo (nws yuav tsum tau siv ob lub roj teeb thiab cov kua ua kua ua kua tau tsav los ntawm qhov hluav taws xob qis). Kuv txiav txim siab los txhim kho tus qauv tsim los ntawm kev ntxiv cov hluav taws xob sib tshooj thiab hloov pauv sab nraud transistors. Qhov nyuaj dua yuav tsum siv cov khoom SMD.

Kauj ruam 1: Tsis lees paub

Kev siv cov cuab yeej zoo li no tuaj yeem ua rau qaug dab peg lossis lwm yam kev phom sij hauv qhov me me ntawm cov cuab yeej siv. Kev tsim cov cuab yeej zoo li no yuav tsum siv cov cuab yeej phom sij me ntsis thiab yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj lossis puas tsuaj rau vaj tse. Koj tsim thiab siv cov cuab yeej piav qhia ntawm koj tus kheej txoj kev pheej hmoo

Kauj Ruam 2: Qhov Chaw thiab Cov Cuab Yeej

Qhov thiab cov khoom siv:

qhib qhov muag 3D tsom iav

ATTINY13A-SSU

18x12mm ON-OFF latching laub khawm hloov (qee yam zoo li no, hloov kuv siv tau ncaj, nqaim ua)

2x SMD 6x6mm tactile hloov khawm

2x 10 uF 16V Case A 1206 tantalum capacitor

100 nF 0805 capacitor

3 x 330 nF 0805 capacitor

4x SS14 DO-214AC (SMA) schottky diode

10k 0805 tus tiv thaiv

15k 1206 resistor

22k 1206 resistor

9x 270 0805 tus tiv thaiv

3 x 100k 1206 resistor

6x BSS138 SOT-23 transistor

3 x BSS84 SOT-23 transistor

61x44mm tooj liab clad board

ob peb daim hlau

3V roj teeb (CR2025 lossis CR2032)

insulating daim kab xev

scotch daim kab xev

Cov Cuab Yeej:

kab pheeb ces kaum txiav

pliers

ntsia hlau ntsia hlau

me me phillips ntsia hlau

tweezers

riam riam

pom lossis lwm yam cuab yeej uas tuaj yeem txiav PCB

0.8mm laum ntsis

laum pres lossis cov cuab yeej teb

sodium persulfate

cov thawv yas thiab cov cuab yeej yas uas tuaj yeem siv los nqa PCB tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tov

qhov chaw nres tsheb soldering

laug

txhuas ntawv ci

AVR programmer (tus neeg ua haujlwm ib leeg zoo li USBasp lossis koj tuaj yeem siv ArduinoISP)

laser tshuab luam ntawv

ntawv ci

khaub ncaws hlau

1000 daim ntawv qhuav/ntub dej ntub dej

qab zib ntxhua khaub ncaws

hnyav (piv txwv li acetone lossis cawv cawv)

tus tsim ruaj khov

Kauj Ruam 3: Ua PCB Siv Toner Transfer Method

Koj yuav tsum luam tawm daim iav duab ntawm F. Cu (sab xub ntiag) ntawm daim ntawv ci uas siv lub tshuab luam ntawv laser (tsis muaj lub toner txuag teeb tsa rau). Sab nrauv qhov ntev ntawm cov duab luam tawm yuav tsum yog 60.96x43.434mm (lossis ze li koj tuaj yeem tau txais). Kuv tau siv ib sab tooj liab clad board thiab ua kev sib txuas ntawm lwm sab nrog cov xov hlau me me yog li kuv tsis tas yuav txhawj xeeb txog kev ua ob txheej tooj liab. Yo tuaj yeem siv PCB ob tog yog tias koj nyiam, tab sis cov lus qhia tom ntej yuav yog rau PCB ib leeg nkaus xwb.

Txiav PCB rau qhov loj me ntawm cov duab luam tawm, koj tuaj yeem ntxiv ob peb mm rau txhua sab ntawm PCB yog tias koj nyiam (nco ntsoov tias PCB yuav haum koj lub tsom iav). Tom ntej no koj yuav tsum tau ntxuav txheej tooj liab siv cov ntawv ntub dej ntub, tom qab ntawd tshem tawm cov seem uas seem los ntawm cov ntawv xuab zeb nrog cov tshuaj ntxuav tsev (koj tseem tuaj yeem siv ntxuav cov kua lossis xab npum). Tom qab ntawd ntxuav nws nrog cov kuab tshuaj. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum ceev faj heev tsis txhob kov tooj liab nrog koj cov ntiv tes.

Muab cov duab luam tawm rau sab saum toj ntawm PCB thiab kho nws nrog lub rooj tsav khoom Tom qab ntawd muab PCB tso rau ntawm qhov chaw tiaj thiab npog nws nrog cov khaub ncaws hlau teeb kom sov siab. Tom qab luv luv thaum ntawv yuav tsum lo rau PCB. Khaws hlau nias rau PCB thiab ntawv, txij li lub sijhawm dhau los koj tuaj yeem hloov txoj haujlwm hlau. Tos tsawg kawg ob peb feeb, kom txog thaum ntawv yuav hloov xim rau daj. Tom qab ntawd muab PCB nrog daim ntawv tso rau hauv dej (koj tuaj yeem ntxiv cov tshuaj ntxhua khaub ncaws lossis ntxuav cov kua) rau 20 feeb. Tom ntej no, rub daim ntawv los ntawm PCB. Yog tias muaj qee qhov chaw uas toner tsis lo rau tooj liab, siv tus cim ruaj khov los hloov lub toner.

Sib tov dej tshiab nrog sodium persulfate thiab muab PCB tso rau hauv cov tshuaj tov. Sim ua kom daws tau ntawm 40 ° C. Koj tuaj yeem tso cov yas ntim rau saum lub tshuab cua txias lossis lwm qhov cua sov. Txij lub sij hawm mus rau lub sijhawm sib tov daws hauv lub thawv. Tos kom pom tooj liab kom yaj tag. Thaum nws ua tiav tshem tawm PCB los ntawm cov tshuaj thiab yaug nws hauv dej. Tshem cov toner nrog acetone lossis ntawv txhuam.

Laum qhov hauv PCB. Kuv siv cov ntsia hlau ua qhov chaw xuas nrig txhawm rau cim cov chaw nruab nrab ntawm qhov ua ntej drilling.

Kauj Ruam 4: Kev Siv Soldering thiab Programing Microcontroller

Npog cov tooj liab hauv cov laug. Yog tias ib txoj kab twg tau yaj hauv kev daws teeb meem, hloov lawv nrog cov xov hlau nyias. Solder ATtiny rau PCB, nrog rau cov xov hlau uas yuav txuas microcontroller rau tus programmer. Upload hv_glasses.hex, khaws cov khoom siv fuse (H: FF, L: 6A). Kuv siv USBasp thiab AVRDUDE. Uploading.hex cov ntaub ntawv xav kom kuv ua raws li cov lus txib hauv qab no:

avrdude -c usbasp -p t13 -B 16 -U nyem: w: hv_glasses.hex

Koj yuav pom tias kuv yuav tsum hloov pauv -B (bitclock) tus nqi los ntawm 8 uas kuv tau siv los ua haujlwm ATtiny hauv kuv thawj qhov kev qhia rau 16. Nws ua rau qeeb cov txheej txheem uploading, tab sis qee zaum nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tso cai sib txuas lus raug ntawm tus programmer thiab microcontroller.

Tom qab koj upload.hex cov ntaub ntawv rau ATtiny, desolder programmer xov hlau los ntawm PCB. Cov laug seem ntawm cov khoom tshwj tsis yog qhov loj SW1 ON/OFF hloov thiab transistors. Ua kev sib txuas ntawm lwm sab ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm nrog cov xov hlau. Npog tag nrho PCB tshwj tsis yog transistor los nrog txhuas ntawv ci los tiv thaiv MOSFETs tsim hluav taws xob tawm. Nco ntsoov tias koj lub chaw nres tsheb soldering tau zoo. Tweezers koj siv los tso cov khoom yuav tsum yog tiv thaiv zoo li qub ESD. Kuv siv qee tus tweezers qub uas tau pw ib puag ncig, tab sis kuv txuas lawv rau hauv av nrog xaim. Koj tuaj yeem yuav cov kav hlau txais xov BSS138 ua ntej thiab npog PCB nrog cov ntawv ci ntau dua thaum lawv ua tiav, vim tias P-channel BSS84 MOSFETs tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj kev phom sij rau kev tso tawm hluav taws xob.

Solder SW1 kawg, lub kaum ntse ntse nws ua rau nws zoo li SS14 diodes lossis tantalum capacitors. Yog tias SW1 ua tus coj dav dua li cov pawm ntawm PCB, thiab lawv luv-Circuit rau lwm txoj kab, txiav lawv kom lawv tsis ua teeb meem. Siv tus nqi tsim nyog ntawm cov laug thaum koom nrog SW1 nrog PCB, raws li daim kab xev uas yuav tuav PCB thiab iav thav duab ua ke yuav ncaj qha hla SW1 thiab nws yuav ua rau qee qhov nruj ntawm cov pob qij txha txuas. Kuv tsis tau tso dab tsi hauv J1-J4, LC vaj huam sib luag xov hlau yuav muab ncaj qha rau PCB. Thaum koj ua tiav, cov xov hlau txuas uas yuav mus rau roj teeb, tso roj teeb nruab nrab ntawm lawv kom ruaj ntseg nws txhua qhov chaw nrog daim kab xev cais. Koj tuaj yeem siv lub ntsuas ntsuas los txheeb xyuas yog tias ua tiav PCB tsim kev hloov pauv ntawm J1-J4 cov pawm. Yog tias tsis yog, ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob nyob rau theem ua ntej, txheeb xyuas ib qho luv-luv, tsis txuas nrog, cov kab tawg. Thaum koj PCB tsim hluav taws xob ntawm J1-J4 uas oscillate ntawm 0V thiab 10-11V, koj tuaj yeem siv cov laug cam LC rau J1-J4. Koj ua ib qho kev ntsuas lossis ntsuas tsuas yog thaum lub roj teeb raug txuas.

Thaum txhua yam tau muab tso ua ke los ntawm kev pom hluav taws xob, koj tuaj yeem npog rov qab ntawm PCB nrog daim kab xev cais thiab koom nrog PCB nrog tsom iav los ntawm kev muab kab xev ncig lawv. Nkaum cov xov hlau uas txuas LC vaj huam sib luag rau PCB hauv qhov chaw uas lub roj teeb qub tau npog.

Kauj Ruam 5: Tsim Txheej Txheem

Los ntawm cov neeg siv pom, Cov Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hloov Hloov Qhov Kev Ua Haujlwm Qhov Tsom iav ua haujlwm tib yam li cov tsom iav tau piav qhia hauv kuv thawj qhov kev qhia. SW2 txuas nrog 15k resistor hloov cov khoom siv zaus (2.5Hz, 5.0Hz, 7.5Hz, 10.0Hz, 12.5Hz), thiab SW3 txuas nrog 22k resistor hloov pauv ntev npaum li cas txhua lub qhov muag tau tshwm sim (L-10%: R-90%, L-30%: R-70%, L-50%: R-50%, L-70%: R-30%, L-90%: R-10%). Tom qab koj teeb tsa, koj yuav tsum tau tos txog 10 vib nas this (10s ntawm tsis kov ib qho nyees khawm) kom lawv khaws cia hauv EEPROM thiab thauj khoom tom qab lub zog poob, ntawm lub cuab yeej tom ntej tso tawm. Nias ob lub nyees khawm tib lub sijhawm teeb tsa qhov txiaj ntsig.

Txawm li cas los xij, Kuv tsuas yog siv PB5 (RESET, ADC0) tus pin ntawm ATtiny ua cov tswv yim. Kuv siv ADC los nyeem qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm qhov faib hluav taws xob ua los ntawm R1-R3. Kuv tuaj yeem hloov qhov hluav taws xob no los ntawm nias SW2 thiab SW3. Voltage yeej tsis qis txaus kom ua rau RESET.

Diodes D1-D4 thiab capacitors C3-C6 tsim 3 theem Dickson them nqi twj. Cov twj tso kua mis yog tsav los ntawm PB1 (OC0A) thiab PB1 (OC0B) pins ntawm microcontroller. OC0A thiab OC0B cov txiaj ntsig tsim tawm ob 4687.5 Hz square waveforms uas tau hloov pauv los ntawm 180 degrees (thaum OC0A yog HIGH, OC0B yog LOW, thiab rov ua dua). Hloov pauv qhov hloov pauv ntawm microcontroller pins thawb qhov hluav taws xob ntawm C3-C5 daim phiaj hluav taws xob nce thiab nqis los ntawm +BATT qhov hluav taws xob. Diodes tso cai them nqi ntws los ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob uas yog phaj saum toj kawg nkaus (ib qho uas txuas nrog rau diodes) muaj qhov hluav taws xob siab dua rau ib qho uas cov phaj saum toj muaj qis dua. Tau kawg diodes ua haujlwm nkaus xwb hauv ib qho kev taw qhia, yog li them nqi tsuas yog nyob hauv ib qho kev taw qhia, yog li txhua qhov txuas ntxiv tom ntej hauv cov nqi sib txuas rau qhov hluav taws xob uas siab dua li yav dhau los capacitor. Kuv tau siv Schottky diodes, vim tias lawv muaj qis qis rau qhov poob qis. Nyob rau hauv tsis muaj qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob sib npaug yog 3.93. Los ntawm cov tswv yim pom tsuas yog thauj khoom ntawm lub zog tso tawm yog 100k resistors (tam sim no ntws los ntawm 1 lossis 2 ntawm lawv tib lub sijhawm). Hauv qab qhov thauj khoom, qhov hluav taws xob ntawm tus nqi tso tawm twj tso kua mis yog 3.93*(+BATT) rho tawm ib puag ncig 1V, thiab them nqi ua haujlwm tau zoo yog kwv yees li 75%. D4 thiab C6 tsis nce qhov hluav taws xob, lawv tsuas yog txo qhov hluav taws xob ripples.

Transistors Q1, Q4, Q7 thiab 100k resistors hloov pauv qhov hluav taws xob qis los ntawm microcontroller cov zis mus rau qhov hluav taws xob los ntawm kev tso tawm cov twj tso kua mis. Kuv tau siv MOSFETs los tsav LC vaj huam sib luag vim tias tam sim no ntws los ntawm lawv lub rooj vag tsuas yog thaum lub qhov rooj hloov pauv. 27ohm resistors tiv thaiv transistors los ntawm qhov loj qhov rooj loj tam sim no.

Cov cuab yeej siv kwv yees li 1.5 mA.