HackerBox 0035: ElectroChemistry: 11 Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:28

Lub hlis no, HackerBox Hackers tab tom tshawb nrhiav ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab ntsuas cov txheej txheem rau ntsuas lub cev lub cev ntawm cov khoom. Cov Lus Qhia no muaj cov ntaub ntawv rau pib nrog HackerBox #0035, uas tuaj yeem yuav ntawm no thaum cov khoom siv kawg. Tsis tas li, yog tias koj xav tau txais HackerBox zoo li txoj cai no hauv koj lub mailbox txhua lub hlis, thov sau npe ntawm HackerBoxes.com thiab koom nrog kev tawm tsam!

Cov Ntsiab Lus thiab Kawm Lub Hom Phiaj rau HackerBox 0035:

• Txhim kho Arduino Nano siv nrog Arduino IDE
• Hlau thiab cim tus lej OLED los tso saib ntsuas
• Tsim lub tshuab nqus pa demo uas siv cov ntsuas cawv
• Sib piv cov pa ntsuas pa txhawm rau ntsuas huab cua zoo
• Txiav txim siab daim ntawv dej zoo tag nrho cov khib nyiab pov tseg (TDS)
• Ntsuam xyuas qhov tsis sib cuag thiab dej-submersible cua sov

HackerBoxes yog lub npov muab kev pabcuam txhua hli rau DIY hluav taws xob thiab tshuab computer. Peb yog cov nyiam ua haujlwm, tsim khoom, thiab sim ua. Peb yog cov neeg ua npau suav npau suav. HACK THE PLANET!

Kauj Ruam 1: HackerBox 0035: Cov Ntsiab Lus Box

• Arduino Nano 5V 16MHz MicroUSB
• OLED 0.96 128x64 pixel I2C Zaub
• TDS-3 Dej Ntsuas Zoo
• GY-906 Kev Sib Txuas Kub Kub
• MP503 Huab Cua Zoo Pollution Sensor
• DS18B20 Kev Ntsuas Kub Dej
• MQ-3 Alcohol Sensor Module
• MQ-135 Huab Cua Kev Nyab Xeeb Roj Sensor Module
• DHT11 Vaum thiab Cov Qauv Kub
• KY-008 Laser Module
• Teeb ntawm LEDs, 1K Resistors, thiab Tactile Nyees khawm
• 400 Point "Crystal Clear" Breadboard
• Jumper Hlau Teeb - 65 Daim
• MircoUSB Cable
• Tshwj xeeb HackerBoxes Decals

Qee qhov lwm yam uas yuav pab tau:

• Soldering hlau, cov laug, thiab cov cuab yeej siv yooj yim
• Khoos phis tawj rau khiav cov cuab yeej software

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, koj yuav xav tau kev nkag siab ntawm kev taug txuj kev nyuaj, tus ntsuj plig DIY, thiab xav paub xav paub hacker. Hardcore DIY cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis yog qhov tsis tseem ceeb, thiab HackerBoxes tsis tau ywg dej. Lub hom phiaj yog kev vam meej, tsis yog kev ua tiav. Thaum koj mob siab rau thiab txaus siab rau kev taug txuj kev nyuaj, kev txaus siab ntau tuaj yeem tau los ntawm kev kawm thev naus laus zis tshiab thiab vam tias yuav tau txais qee qhov haujlwm ua haujlwm. Peb hais kom ua txhua kauj ruam qeeb, mloog cov ntsiab lus, thiab tsis txhob ntshai thov kev pab.

Muaj cov ntaub ntawv nplua nuj rau tam sim no, thiab yav tom ntej, cov tswv cuab hauv HackerBoxes FAQ.

Kauj ruam 2: Electrochemistry

Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob (Wikipedia) yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom neeg lub cev uas kawm txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm hluav taws xob, raws li qhov ntsuas tau thiab qhov tshwm sim tshwm sim, thiab kev hloov tshuaj tshwj xeeb lossis hloov pauv. Cov tshuaj lom neeg cuam tshuam nrog hluav taws xob txav ntawm cov hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob (lossis ions hauv kev daws teeb meem). Yog li electrochemistry cuam tshuam nrog kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob thiab kev hloov tshuaj.

Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob feem ntau yog roj teeb txhua hnub. Cov roj teeb yog cov cuab yeej suav nrog ib lossis ntau lub xov tooj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob nrog kev sib txuas sab nraud muab rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li lub teeb nyem, lub xov tooj smartphone, thiab lub tsheb hluav taws xob.

Cov ntsuas hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yog cov ntsuas roj ntsuas lub ntsuas pa ntawm lub hom phiaj roj los ntawm oxidizing lossis txo lub hom phiaj roj ntawm cov hluav taws xob thiab ntsuas qhov tshwm sim tam sim no.

Electrolysis yog txheej txheem uas siv hluav taws xob ncaj qha (DC) los tsav lwm yam tshuaj uas tsis yog tshwm sim los ntawm tshuaj lom neeg. Electrolysis yog qhov tseem ceeb kev lag luam raws li theem hauv kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom los ntawm ib txwm muaj tshwm sim xws li cov hlau siv cov cell electrolytic.

Kauj Ruam 3: Arduino Nano Microcontroller Platform

Ib qho Arduino Nano, lossis cov tswj hwm microcontroller zoo sib xws, yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab ntsuas cov khoom tso tawm rau lub khoos phis tawj lossis vis dis aus. Qhov suav nrog Arduino Nano module los nrog lub taub hau pins, tab sis lawv tsis muab muag rau cov qauv. Tso cov pins tawm tam sim no. Ua cov kev sim no thawj zaug ntawm Arduino Nano module PRIOR txhawm rau siv lub taub hau pins Arduino Nano. Txhua yam uas xav tau rau ob peb kauj ruam tom ntej yog microUSB cable thiab Nano module ib yam li nws tawm ntawm lub hnab.

Arduino Nano yog qhov ua kom zoo nkauj, ua tau zoo rau lub rooj noj mov, ua haujlwm me me Arduino board nrog USB ua ke. Nws yog amazingly puv-featured thiab yooj yim rau hack.

Nta:

• Microcontroller: Atmel ATmega328P
• Qhov Voltage: 5V
• Digital I/O Pins: 14 (6 PWM)
• Analog Input Pins: 8
• DC Tam Sim No rau I/O Pin: 40 mA
• Flash nco: 32 KB (2KB rau bootloader)
• SIB: 2 KB
• EEPROM: 1 KB
• Moos Ceev: 16 MHz
• Medidas: 17 mm x 43 mm

Qhov kev hloov pauv tshwj xeeb ntawm Arduino Nano yog xim dub Robotdyn tsim. Lub interface yog los ntawm lub nkoj MicroUSB chaw nres nkoj uas sib xws nrog tib lub MicroUSB cables siv nrog ntau lub xov tooj ntawm tes thiab ntsiav tshuaj.

Arduino Nanos muaj lub built-in USB/Serial choj nti. Ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv tshwj xeeb no, tus choj choj yog CH340G. Nco ntsoov tias muaj ntau yam lwm yam ntawm USB/Serial choj chips siv ntawm ntau hom Arduino cov laug cam. Cov chips no tso cai rau koj lub khoos phis tawj USB chaw nres nkoj sib txuas lus nrog cov lej txuas ntawm Arduino tus txheej txheem ua haujlwm.

Lub khoos phis tawj lub operating system xav tau Tus Tsav Tsheb Sib Txuas los sib tham nrog USB/Serial nti. Tus tsav tsheb tso cai rau IDE tham nrog Arduino board. Cov cuab yeej siv tshwj xeeb uas xav tau yog nyob ntawm ob qho OS version thiab tseem yog hom USB/Serial nti. Rau CH340 USB/Serial chips, muaj cov tsav tsheb muaj rau ntau lub tshuab ua haujlwm (UNIX, Mac OS X, lossis Windows). Tus tsim khoom ntawm CH340 muab cov tsav tsheb ntawm no.

Thaum koj xub ntsaws Arduino Nano rau hauv USB chaw nres nkoj ntawm koj lub khoos phis tawj, lub zog ntsuab yuav tsum tuaj thiab tsis ntev tom qab lub xiav LED yuav tsum pib ntsais muag qeeb. Qhov no tshwm sim vim tias Nano tau npaj ua ntej nrog BLINK qhov haujlwm, uas tau ua haujlwm ntawm lub npe tshiab Arduino Nano.

Kauj Ruam 4: Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE)

Yog tias koj tseem tsis tau teeb tsa Arduino IDE, koj tuaj yeem rub nws los ntawm Arduino.cc

Yog tias koj xav tau cov ntaub ntawv qhia ntxiv rau kev ua haujlwm hauv Arduino ecosystem, peb hais kom txheeb xyuas cov lus qhia rau HackerBoxes Starter Rhiav.

Txuas Nano mus rau hauv MicroUSB cable thiab lwm qhov kawg ntawm txoj hlua rau hauv USB chaw nres nkoj ntawm lub khoos phis tawj, tso tawm Arduino IDE software, xaiv qhov tsim nyog USB chaw nres nkoj hauv IDE hauv cov cuab yeej> chaw nres nkoj (yuav muaj lub npe nrog "wchusb" hauv nws). Kuj tseem xaiv "Arduino Nano" hauv IDE hauv cov cuab yeej> pawg thawj coj.

Thaum kawg, thauj khoom ib qho piv txwv code:

Cov ntaub ntawv-> Piv txwv-> Pib-> Blink

Qhov no yog qhov chaws uas tau tso ua ntej mus rau Nano thiab yuav tsum tau khiav tam sim no kom maj mam ntsais qhov xiav LED. Raws li, yog tias peb thauj tus lej piv txwv no, tsis muaj dab tsi yuav hloov pauv. Hloov chaw, cia hloov kho txoj cai me ntsis.

Saib ze, koj tuaj yeem pom tias qhov haujlwm qhib LED, tos 1000 milliseconds (ib pliag), tig LED tawm, tos lwm thib ob, thiab tom qab ntawd ua txhua yam ntxiv - mus ib txhis.

Hloov kho cov cai los ntawm kev hloov ob qho ntawm "ncua (1000)" nqe lus rau "ncua (100)". Qhov kev hloov kho no yuav ua rau LED ntsais kaum zaus sai dua, puas yog?

Cia peb thauj cov cai hloov pauv mus rau hauv Nano los ntawm nyem lub pob UPLOAD (lub cim xub) nyob saum koj li kev cai hloov kho. Saib hauv qab cov cai rau cov ntaub ntawv xwm txheej: "suav" thiab tom qab ntawd "xa tawm". Thaum kawg, IDE yuav tsum qhia "Uploading Complete" thiab koj cov LED yuav tsum ntsais muag sai dua.

Yog tias muaj, nrog koj zoo siab! Koj nyuam qhuav tau nyiag koj thawj daim ntawm cov lej kos.

Thaum koj cov ntawv ntsais ntsais tau rub thiab khiav, vim li cas ho tsis pom tias koj puas tuaj yeem hloov pauv txoj cai kom ua rau LED ntsais ntsais sai dua ob zaug thiab tom qab ntawd tos ob peb feeb ua ntej rov ua dua? Muab nws sim! Yuav ua li cas txog qee qhov qauv? Thaum koj ua tiav ntawm kev pom lub txiaj ntsig xav tau, coding nws, thiab saib xyuas nws kom ua haujlwm raws li tau npaj tseg, koj tau ua cov kauj ruam loj rau dhau los ua cov cuab yeej muaj peev xwm hacker.

Kauj Ruam 5: Header Pins thiab OLED ntawm Solderless Breadboard

Tam sim no koj lub khoos phis tawj txhim kho tau teeb tsa kom thauj cov lej mus rau Arduino Nano thiab Nano tau raug sim, tshem tawm USB cable los ntawm Nano thiab npaj tau los txhuam cov kab taub hau. Yog tias nws yog koj thawj hmo ntawm sib ntaus sib tua club, koj yuav tsum tau solder! Muaj ntau ntau cov lus qhia zoo thiab cov vis dis aus online hais txog kev siv tooj liab (piv txwv). Yog tias koj xav tias koj xav tau kev pab ntxiv, sim nrhiav cov pab pawg hauv cheeb tsam lossis chaw hacker hauv koj thaj chaw. Tsis tas li, cov koom haum nyiam mloog xov tooj cua ib txwm yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo tshaj plaws.

Solder ob kab ib kab taub hau (kaum tsib tus pin) rau Arduino Nano module. Rau tus pin ICSP (hauv-Circuit ntu kev ua haujlwm txuas) yuav tsis siv rau hauv txoj haujlwm no, yog li cia li tso cov pins tawm. Thaum cov txheej txheem ua tiav tiav, txheeb xyuas kom zoo rau cov choj txuas thiab/lossis cov khoom sib dhos txias. Thaum kawg, nqes Arduino Nano rov qab mus rau USB cable thiab txheeb xyuas tias txhua yam tseem ua haujlwm tau zoo.

Txhawm rau xaim OLED rau Nano, ntxig ob qho tib si rau hauv lub lauj kaub tais diav uas tsis muaj qhov ci raws li pom thiab xaim ntawm lawv raws li cov lus no:

OLED…. NanoGND….. GNDVCC…..5VSCL….. A5SDA….. A4

Txhawm rau tsav OLED cov duab, teeb tsa SSD1306 OLED cov neeg tsav tsheb pom ntawm no rau hauv Arduino IDE.

Kuaj OLED cov duab los ntawm kev thauj khoom ssd1306/snowflakes piv txwv thiab ua haujlwm rau hauv Nano.

Lwm qhov piv txwv los ntawm SDD1306 lub tsev qiv ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los tshawb nrhiav siv lub OLED zaub.

Kauj Ruam 6: MQ-3 Alcohol Sensor thiab Breathalyzer Demo

MQ-3 Alcohol Gas Sensor (cov ntaub ntawv) yog tus nqi qis semiconductor sensor uas tuaj yeem kuaj pom tias muaj cov cawv cawv ntawm qhov ntau ntawm 0.05 mg/L txog 10 mg/L. Cov khoom siv nkag siab siv hauv MQ-3 yog SnO2, uas ua rau pom kev ua kom muaj zog ntxiv thaum nthuav tawm kom muaj ntau ntawm cov cawv cawv. MQ-3 yog qhov rhiab heev rau cawv nrog me ntsis hla kev nkag mus rau haus luam yeeb, ua pa, lossis roj av.

Qhov MQ-3 tus qauv no muab cov txiaj ntsig sib piv sib piv rau cawv ntau. Cov qauv no tseem muaj qhov sib piv LM393 (cov ntaub ntawv) txhawm rau pib qhov tso tawm digital.

MQ-3 module tuaj yeem txuas rau Nano raws li cov lus no:

MQ-3…. NanoA0 …… A0VCC…..5VGND….. GNDD0 …… Tsis Siv

Demo code los ntawm video.

CEEB TOOM: Txoj haujlwm no tsuas yog ua kev qhia paub xwb. Nws tsis yog khoom siv kho mob. Nws tsis yog ntsuas. Nws tsis yog lub hom phiaj, hauv txhua txoj hauv kev, txhawm rau txiav txim siab qib cawv hauv ntshav rau kev tshuaj xyuas kev cai lij choj lossis kev nyab xeeb txwv. Tsis txhob ruam. Tsis txhob haus dej thiab tsav tsheb. Tuaj txog ciaj sia!

Kauj Ruam 7: Tshawb xyuas Ketones

Ketones yog cov sib txuas yooj yim uas muaj pab pawg carbonyl (cov pa roj carbon-oxygen ob npaug). Ntau yam ketones yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam thiab biology. Qhov hnyav tshaj plaws acetone yog ketone tsawg tshaj plaws.

Niaj hnub no, ntau tus neeg paub txog kev noj zaub mov ketogenic. Nws yog kev noj zaub mov raws li kev siv cov rog ntau, muaj cov protein txaus, thiab cov carbohydrates me me. Qhov no yuam lub cev hlawv cov rog ntau dua li cov carbohydrates. Feem ntau, cov carbohydrates hauv cov khoom noj tau hloov pauv mus ua piam thaj, uas tom qab ntawd thauj mus los thoob plaws lub cev thiab tshwj xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom lub hlwb ua haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias muaj cov carbohydrates me me hauv kev noj zaub mov, lub siab hloov cov rog rau hauv cov rog thiab ketone lub cev. Lub cev ketone hla mus rau hauv lub hlwb thiab hloov cov piam thaj ua lub zog. Qib siab ntawm ketone lub cev hauv cov ntshav ua rau lub xeev hu ua ketosis.

Piv txwv qhov project ketone sensing project

Lwm qhov piv txwv ketone sensing project

Sib piv MQ-3 vs. TGS822 cov pa roj

Kauj Ruam 8: Kev Pom Zoo Huab Cua

Cov pa phem tshwm sim thaum muaj teeb meem lossis ntau dhau ntawm cov tshuaj suav nrog cov roj cua, cov khoom me me, thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg lom neeg tau nkag rau hauv huab cua. Cov kuab paug tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob, ua xua, thiab ua rau tib neeg tuag taus. Nws kuj tseem yuav tsim kev puas tsuaj rau lwm yam kab mob muaj sia xws li tsiaj, zaub mov qoob loo, thiab ib puag ncig feem ntau. Ob leeg tib neeg kev ua ub no thiab cov txheej txheem ntuj tuaj yeem tsim cov pa phem. Cov pa phem nyob sab hauv tsev thiab cov huab cua hauv nroog tsis zoo tau teev tseg tias yog ob ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov teeb meem muaj kuab paug phem tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.

Peb tuaj yeem sib piv kev ua haujlwm ntawm ob qhov sib txawv ntawm huab cua zoo (lossis huab cua phom sij) ntsuas. Cov no yog MQ-135 (cov ntawv teev tseg) thiab MP503 (cov ntawv teev npe).

MQ-135 yog rhiab rau methane, nitrogen oxides, cawv, benzene, haus luam yeeb, CO2, thiab lwm yam qauv. Nws lub interface zoo ib yam rau MQ-3 interface.

MP503 yog rhiab rau formaldehyde roj, benzene, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, cawv, ammonia, haus luam yeeb, ntau yam ntxhiab tsw, thiab lwm yam molecules. Nws lub interface yog qhov yooj yim heev, muab ob qho digital tso tawm los xaiv plaub qib ntawm cov pa phem ntau. Lub hauv paus txuas ntawm MP503 muaj yas yas npog tus txiv neej lub taub hau, uas tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm thiab hloov los ntawm tus qauv 4-tus pin lub taub hau (muab rau hauv hnab) rau siv nrog cov laug cam uas tsis muaj kab, DuPont jumpers, lossis cov khoom sib txuas zoo sib xws.

Kauj Ruam 9: Kev Pom Zoo Dej

TDS-3 Dej Zoo Tester

Tag Nrho Cov Dhuav Dhuav Dhuav (TDS) yog tag nrho cov nqi ntawm ions txawb, suav nrog cov zaub mov, ntsev, lossis hlau yaj hauv qhov muab dej. TDS, uas yog raws kev coj ua, tau hais tawm hauv ib feem ntawm ib lab (ppm) lossis milligrams ib litre (mg/L). Cov khib nyiab pov tseg suav nrog txhua yam khoom siv tsis muaj kuab lom uas muaj tam sim no dua li cov dej ntshiab huv (H2O) thiab tshem tawm cov khib nyiab. EPA Qhov Siab Tshaj Qaum TDS ntawm TDS rau tib neeg noj yog 500 ppm.

Siv TDS Kev Ntsuas

1. Tshem lub hau tiv thaiv.
2. Qhib lub TDS meter. ON/OFF hloov nyob ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag.
3. Rhais lub ntsuas mus rau hauv dej/daws mus txog qhov siab tshaj plaws. immersion qib (2 ").
4. Maj mam txhuam lub ntsuas kom tshem tawm cov pa cua.
5. Tos kom txog thaum cov zaub ruaj khov. Thaum nyeem tau ruaj khov (kwv yees li 10 vib nas this), nias lub khawm HOLD kom pom qhov nyeem tawm ntawm dej.
6. Yog tias lub ntsuas ntsuas pom lub teeb nyem 'x10', ua kom nyeem tau 10.
7. Tom qab siv, tshem tawm cov dej ntau dhau ntawm koj lub ntsuas. Hloov lub hau.

Tau qhov twg los: Daim ntawv qhia tag nrho

Kev sim: Tsim koj tus kheej lub ntsuas TDS yooj yim (phiaj xwm nrog yees duab ntawm no) uas tuaj yeem ntsuas nrog, thiab sim tawm tsam, TDS-3.

Kauj Ruam 10: Kev Ntsuas Kub

GY-906 Contactless Kub Sensor Module

GY-906 lub ntsuas cua sov ntsuas tau ntsuas nrog MLX90614 (cov ntsiab lus). Nov yog qhov yooj yim-rau-siv, tab sis muaj zog ib leeg-thaj chaw ntsuas cua sov, muaj peev xwm paub qhov ntsuas kub ntawm -70 txog 380 ° C. Nws siv I2C interface los sib tham, uas txhais tau tias koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau mob siab rau ob lub xov hlau los ntawm koj lub microcontroller los cuam tshuam nrog nws.

Demo thermo-sensing project.

Lwm qhov project thermo-sensing.

DS18B20 Dej Pov Thawj Kub Sensor

DS18B20 ib lub xov tooj ntsuas kub (paub meej) tuaj yeem ntsuas kub ntawm -55 ℃ txog 125 ℃ nrog qhov raug ntawm ± 5.

Kauj Ruam 11: HACK PLANET

Yog tias koj tau txaus siab rau Cov Lus Qhia no thiab xav kom muaj lub thawv txias ntawm hackable electronics thiab khoos phis tawj thev naus laus zis nqis los rau hauv koj lub thawv ntawv txhua lub hlis, thov koom nrog kev hloov pauv los ntawm kev nkag mus rau HackerBoxes.com thiab sau npe kom tau txais peb lub thawv xav tsis thoob txhua lub hlis.

Mus txog thiab qhia koj qhov ua tiav hauv cov lus hauv qab no lossis ntawm HackerBoxes Facebook Page. Muaj tseeb qhia rau peb paub yog tias koj muaj lus nug lossis xav tau kev pab nrog dab tsi. Ua tsaug rau koj ua ib feem ntawm HackerBoxes!