Arduino Film Camera Shutter Checker: 4 Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:27

Tsis ntev los no kuv yuav ob lub koob yees duab zaj duab xis siv qub. Tom qab ntxuav lawv kuv pom tias qhov kaw qhov nrawm tuaj yeem ua lag luam los ntawm hmoov av, xeb lossis tsis muaj roj, yog li kuv txiav txim siab ua qee yam los ntsuas lub sijhawm nthuav tawm tiag tiag ntawm lub koob yees duab, vim tias, los ntawm kuv lub qhov muag liab qab, kuv ntsuas tsis tau qhov haujlwm no siv Arduino ua lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau ntsuas lub sijhawm nthuav tawm. Peb yuav ua ob khub opto (IR LED thiab IR yees duab-transistor) thiab nyeem ntau npaum li cas lub koob yees duab lub qhov rooj qhib. Ua ntej, Kuv yuav piav qhia txoj hauv kev nrawm kom ua tiav peb lub hom phiaj thiab thaum kawg, peb yuav pom txhua txoj kev xav tom qab txoj haujlwm no.

Cov npe ntawm cov khoom siv:

• 1 x Lub Koob Yees Duab Lub Koob Yees Duab
• 1 x Arduino Uno
• 2 x 220 Ω Carbon film resistor
• 1 x IR LED
• 1 x Phototransistor
• 2 x Cov ntawv me me (lossis 1 lub rooj loj loj, loj txaus kom haum lub koob yees duab hauv nruab nrab)
• Ntau tus dhia lossis cable

*Cov khoom siv ntxiv no xav tau rau ntu piav qhia

• 1 x Xim Xim LED
• 1 x Momentary laub khawm

Kauj Ruam 1: Cov khoom thaiv

Ua ntej tshaj, muab IR LED tso rau hauv ib lub khob cij thiab IR Phototransistor nyob rau lwm qhov kom peb tuaj yeem ua rau lawv sib ntsib. Txuas ib qho 220 Ω resistor rau LED anode (ceg ntev lossis ib sab tsis muaj ciam teb tiaj tus) thiab txuas tus tiv thaiv mus rau 5V lub zog xa khoom ntawm Arduino. Kuj txuas cov LED cathode (luv luv lossis sab nrog lub tiaj tiaj) mus rau ib qho ntawm GND cov chaw nres nkoj hauv Arduino.

Tom ntej no, xaim Tus Sau Tus lej ntawm tus yees duab transistor (rau kuv yog tus ceg luv, tab sis koj yuav tsum txheeb xyuas koj cov ntaub ntawv transistor kom ntseeg tau tias koj tab tom xaim nws txoj hauv kev raug lossis koj yuav xaus tshuab lub transistor) mus rau 220 Ω resistor thiab tus tiv thaiv rau tus pin A1 ntawm Arudino, tom qab ntawd txuas tus Emitter tus pin ntawm daim duab transistor (ceg ntev lossis ib qho uas tsis muaj ib sab ciam teb sab). Txoj kev no peb muaj IR LED ib txwm nyob thiab cov duab transistor teeb tsa ua lub dab dej hloov.

Thaum lub teeb IR tuaj txog ntawm lub transistor nws yuav tso cai rau tam sim no kom dhau los ntawm tus lej sau rau tus Pin Emitter. Peb yuav teeb tus pin A1 rau kev tawm tswv yim rub tawm, yog li, tus pin yuav ib txwm nyob rau lub xeev siab tshwj tsis yog tias lub transistor cuam tshuam qhov tam sim no mus rau qhov loj.

Kauj ruam 2: Programming

Teeb koj li Arduino IDE (chaw nres nkoj, pawg thawj coj thiab programmer) kom haum rau qhov teeb tsa xav tau rau koj li Arduino pawg thawj coj.

Luam cov cai no, sau ua ke thiab upload:

int readPin = A1; // tus pin qhov twg txuas nrog 330resistor los ntawm phototransistor

int ptValue, j; // qhov chaw khaws cia rau cov ntaub ntawv nyeem los ntawm analogRead () bool lock; // bolean siv los nyeem lub xeev readPin tsis tau kos npe ntev, timer2; nyeem ob zaug; Txoj hlua xaiv [12] = {"B", "1", "2", "4", "8", "15", "30", "60", "125", "250", "500", "1000"}; ib. kev cia siab ntev [12] = {0, 1000, 500, 250, 125, 67, 33, 17, 8, 4, 2, 1}; teeb tsa tsis muaj dab tsi () {Serial.begin (9600); // peb teeb tsa kev sib txuas lus ntawm 9600 khoom ib thib ob pinMode (readPin, INPUT_PULLUP); // peb yuav teeb tus pin ib txwm siab tshwj tsis yog thaum cov duab transistor tau poob, yog li, peb yuav "thim rov qab" cov laj thawj // nws txhais tau tias HIGH = tsis muaj IR teeb liab thiab LOW = IR teeb liab tau txais qeeb (200); // qhov kev ncua no yog rau lettin lub kaw lus pib thiab zam kev nyeem tsis raug j = 0; // initializing peb lub txee} void loop () {lock = digitalRead (readPin); // nyeem lub xeev ntawm tus pin muab thiab muab nws rau qhov sib txawv yog (! xauv) {// khiav tsuas yog thaum tus pin yog LOW timer = micros (); // teeb tsa lub sijhawm siv sijhawm (! xauv) {// ua qhov no thaum tus lej qis, ua lwm yam lus, kaw qhov qhib timer2 = micros (); // siv lub sijhawm dhau los piv txwv piv txwv = digitalRead (readPin); // nyeem lub xeev tus pin kom paub yog tias lub qhov rooj kaw lawm} Serial.print ("Txoj Haujlwm:"); // cov ntawv no yog rau tso saib cov ntaub ntawv xav tau Serial.print (xaiv [j]); Serial.print ("|"); Serial.print ("Lub sijhawm qhib:"); nyeem = (timer2 - timer); // xam ntau npaum li cas lub sijhawm tau kaw qhov qhib Serial.print (nyeem); Serial.print ("peb"); Serial.print ("|"); Serial.print ("Xav tau:"); Serial.println (xav tias [j]*1000); j ++; // nce txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub qhov rooj, qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog khawm}}

Tom qab rub tawm tiav, qhib lub ntsuas saib (Cov Cuab Yeej -> Saib txuas ntxiv) thiab npaj lub koob yees duab rau nyeem

Cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia tom qab "sijhawm qhib:" cov lus, tag nrho lwm cov ntaub ntawv tau npaj ua ntej.

Kauj Ruam 3: Teeb thiab ntsuas

Nthuav koj lub koob yees duab lo ntsiab muag thiab qhib zaj duab xis. Yog tias koj muaj cov yeeb yaj kiab uas twb tau rub tawm lawm, nco ntsoov ua kom tiav ua ntej ua cov txheej txheem no lossis koj yuav ua rau cov duab puas.

Muab IR LED thiab IR duab transistor tso rau ntawm ob sab ntawm lub koob yees duab, ib sab ntawm zaj duab xis thiab lwm qhov nyob rau sab yog lub iav tsom iav. Tsis muaj teeb meem twg uas koj siv rau LED lossis lub transistor, tsuas yog xyuas kom lawv ua qhov muag pom thaum kaw lub qhov rooj. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, teeb lub shutter ntawm "1" lossis "B" thiab khij lub ntsuas saib thaum "thaij duab". Yog tias lub qhov rooj zoo ua haujlwm, tus saib xyuas yuav tsum qhia nyeem ntawv. Tsis tas li, koj tuaj yeem tso cov khoom tsis sib xws ntawm lawv thiab txav nws los ua qhov ntsuas ntsuas.

Pib dua Arduino nrog khawm rov pib dua thiab thaij duab ib qho los ntawm ib qho ntawm qhov sib txawv sib txawv pib los ntawm "B" txog "1000". Tus saib xyuas yuav sau cov ntaub ntawv tom qab lub qhov rooj kaw. Ua piv txwv koj tuaj yeem pom lub sijhawm ntsuas los ntawm Miranda thiab Praktica zaj duab xis lub koob yees duab ntawm cov duab txuas.

Siv cov ntaub ntawv no los kho thaum kho cov duab lossis kuaj lub xeev ntawm koj lub koob yees duab. Yog tias koj xav ntxuav lossis kho kom zoo dua koj lub koob yees duab, Kuv pom zoo kom xa lawv mus rau tus kws tshaj lij txuj ci.

Kauj Ruam 4: Geeks Cov Khoom

Transistors yog lub hauv paus ntawm txhua lub tshuab hluav taws xob uas peb pom niaj hnub no, lawv tau xub xub muaj daim ntawv tso cai nyob ib puag ncig xyoo 1925 los ntawm Austro-Hungarian-yug German-American tus kws kho mob. Lawv tau piav qhia tias yog khoom siv rau kev tswj hwm tam sim no. Ua ntej lawv, peb yuav tsum siv lub tshuab nqus tsev los ua haujlwm transistors ua hnub no (TV, tshuab raj, khoos phis tawj).

Tus transistor muaj lub peev xwm los tswj cov dej ntws tam sim no los ntawm tus neeg sau khoom mus rau tus xa hluav taws xob thiab peb tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov tam sim no, hauv cov transistors uas muaj 3 ceg, siv tam sim no ntawm lub qhov rooj transistor. Hauv feem ntau cov transistors lub rooj vag tam sim no tau nthuav dav, yog li, piv txwv li, yog tias peb thov 1 mA rau lub rooj vag, peb tau txais 120 mA ntws los ntawm cov emitter. Peb tuaj yeem xav tias nws zoo li lub qhov dej tso dej.

Tus yees duab transistor yog tus transistor ib txwm tab sis tsis txhob muaj lub qhov rooj ceg, lub rooj vag txuas nrog cov khoom siv zoo nkauj. Cov ntaub ntawv no muab cov khoom me me thaum nws zoo siab los ntawm photons, hauv peb qhov xwm txheej, IR wavelength photons. Yog li, peb tswj cov duab transistor hloov kho lub zog ntawm IR lub teeb ci.

Muaj qee qhov tshwj xeeb peb yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account ua ntej yuav thiab txuas peb cov khoom. Txuas nrog yog cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg los ntawm transistor thiab LED cov ntawv teev tseg. Ua ntej, peb yuav tsum txheeb xyuas qhov transistor tawg qhov hluav taws xob uas yog qhov siab tshaj plaws nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm, piv txwv li, kuv qhov hluav taws xob tawg los ntawm emitter mus rau tus neeg khaws khoom yog 5V, yog li yog tias kuv xaim nws tsis ncaj ncees lawm 8V, Kuv yuav kib lub transistor. Tsis tas li, txheeb xyuas lub zog tawm mus, nws txhais tau tias tam sim no muaj peev xwm xa cov transistor ua ntej yuav tuag. Kuv hais tias 150mW. Ntawm 5V, 150mW txhais tau tias muab 30 mA (Watts = V * I). Tias yog vim li cas kuv thiaj txiav txim siab siv tus tiv thaiv txwv ntawm 220 Ω, vim tias, ntawm 5V, 220 Ω resistor tsuas tso cai kom dhau qhov siab tshaj plaws tam sim no ntawm 23 mA. (Ohm's Law: V = I * R). Cov ntaub ntawv zoo ib yam mus rau LED, cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv hais tias nws qhov siab tshaj plaws tam sim no yog li 50mA, yog li, lwm 220 Ω resistor yuav ua tau zoo, vim tias peb Arduino tus pin max tso zis tam sim no yog 40 mA thiab peb tsis xav hlawv cov pins.

Peb yuav tsum tau xaim peb teeb tsa raws li ib qho hauv daim duab. Yog tias koj siv cov nyees khawm zoo li kuv, ua tib zoo muab ob lub ntsej muag puag ncig nruab nrab ntawm pawg thawj coj saib. Tom qab ntawd, xa cov cai hauv qab no mus rau Arduino.

int readPin = A1; // tus pin uas txuas nrog 220 tus neeg tiv thaiv los ntawm phototransistorint ptValue, j; // qhov chaw khaws cia rau cov ntaub ntawv nyeem los ntawm analogRead () tsis muaj teeb tsa teeb tsa () {Serial.begin (9600); } void loop () {ptValue = analogRead (readPin); // peb nyeem tus nqi hluav taws xob ntawm readPin (A1) Serial.println (ptValue); // txoj kev no, peb xa cov ntaub ntawv nyeem mus rau tus saib xyuas, yog li peb tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas qhov tshwm sim qeeb (35); // tsuas yog ncua sijhawm los ua cov screenshots yooj yim dua}

Tom qab rub tawm, qhib koj cov phiaj xwm phiaj xwm (Cov cuab yeej -> Cov phiaj xwm phiaj xwm) thiab saib dab tsi tshwm sim thaum koj thawb koj lub IR LED hloov khawm. Yog tias koj xav txheeb xyuas yog tias IR LED ua haujlwm (kuj tseem tso saib TV) tsuas yog tso koj lub xov tooj ntawm tes rau pem hauv ntej ntawm LED thiab thaij duab. Yog tias nws zoo koj yuav pom lub teeb xiav-ntshav los ntawm LED.

Hauv cov phiaj xwm phiaj xwm koj tuaj yeem sib txawv thaum LED qhib thiab tawm, yog tias tsis yog, txheeb xyuas koj cov xov hlau.

Thaum kawg, koj tuaj yeem hloov cov qauv analogRead rau digitalRead, yog li koj tuaj yeem pom tsuas yog 0 lossis 1. Kuv hais kom ua qeeb tom qab teeb tsa () kom zam kev nyeem LOW tsis tseeb, (duab nrog ib qho me me LOW ncov).